BJC学校——功能与环境（by Fernández Soler Monrabal Arquitectos ）

**zhenaihuai** · 拓城校尉|**zhenaihuai** 发表于 2013-5-25 21:30:07

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Architects（建筑设计）: Fernández Soler Monrabal Arquitectos
Location（地理位置）: Xátiva, Valencia（巴伦西亚）, Spain（西班牙）
Project Architects（项目建筑师）: Carlos Soler Monrabal + Luisa Fernández Rodríguez
Technical Architect（技术建筑师）: Juan Antonio Díaz Romero
Year（时间）: 2010
Photographs（摄影）: Carlos Soler Monrabal

Collaborators（合作者）: Víctor Soriano Tarín, Ismael Planelles Naya, Alejandro Rodríguez Sáenz, Laura Papíri (Arquitectos)
Engineer（工程师）: David Gimeno Asensio, índigo Ingeniería
Client（委托人）: CIEGSA, Consellería de Educación, Generalitat Valenciana
Construction（施工）: Construcciones Luján S.A.

The new Jacinto Castañeda arises from the total replacement of the old school in an adjoining plot, keeping only the block of the gym.

新的教育中心是旧学校在相邻基地上的更新项目，仅保留健身房部分。

The plot has a rectangular shape, bounded to the south by Geógrafo Estrabón Street, to the north by the Cami de la Bola, and to the east it shares a party wall with the current center and with another lot of municipal ownership.

基地呈长方形，南边紧邻 Geógrafo Estrabón 街，北方是the Cami de la Bola街，东部与现有教育中心和其他市政所属地一墙之隔。

The area of the lot had a sharp slope as it was located on the mountainside, with a vertical difference of 12.50 m between the upper and lower streets. For the reasons discussed above, we proposed a replacement of the existing building with a project in two phases: In the first phase we intended to construct a new building with almost all of the program in the adjacent plot, without interfering in the functioning of the existing building.

该基址位于山腰上，有一个陡坡，上下紧邻两条高度相差12.50m的街道。出于上述原因，我们提出了一个分期项目来替换原有建筑：在第一阶段我们准备在相邻的基址上建造一个全新的建筑，对现有建筑没有任何功能干扰。

Once the new building was finished and put into operation, the second phase would take place involving the demolition of the existing building, retaining the areas that could be used such as the gym and the caretaker’s house. We would proceed to build the dining hall and complete the development of the lot by integrating the spaces freed by the demolition to obtain a unitary result. Ultimately and due to the needs of the center and its students, the dining hall was built during the first phase.

一旦新建筑建完并投入使用，在第二阶段，我们将拆除现有建筑，仅保留那些可以再利用的部分（如健身房和管理用房）。我们将会通过拆迁释放更多空间，继续建造一座餐厅和完善基地发展，使其获得统一结果。（最终由于教育中心和学生的需求，餐厅将在一期建设。）

The response to the characteristics of the site has been instrumental in the design of the project as well as the relationship of the building with the lot of the existing center and the buildings that are preserved. The building is arranged in three levels that are adapted to the slope of the land to allow a good relationship with the exterior surfaces, facilitating accessibility and avoiding excessive earthworks.

鉴于此基地的特点，我们一直致力于项目设计与原有教育中心和要保留的建筑之间的关联。此建筑布置在三个水平面上，适应不同坡度，与外部环境有良好关系，更易进入而且避免了过度的土方工程。

The orientation of the volumes is arranged to capture the maximum natural light and to prevent casting shadows between the built volumes. In this way, the building is located on the western edge of the lot and is terraced to capture light from the south and the east, and at the same time maintain the distance with the existing building.

建筑体量的方向布置为了最大限度的摄入自然光，同时避免建筑之间的阴影遮挡。于是，建筑在基地西部边缘，阶梯形式是为了摄入南部和东部的光线，同时保持与现有建筑的距离。

Access to the center is from the Cami de la Bola because it is the street which is better connected to the rest of the city. Of the three levels mentioned above, the access level is reserved for kindergarten spaces and for the access to the rest of the building, along with some common spaces such as the Multipurpose Room, reception, and administration.

从the Cami de la Bola街可以进入教育中心。这条街很好的连接了这个城市的其它地方。访问层是预留给幼儿园空间和建筑的其余部分，以及一些公共场所如多功能厅、接待室、管理用房。

The first floor contains six primary school classrooms with common rooms such as the library, multipurpose workshop, computer, and music room. The classrooms are laid out in two parallel areas that make up a longitudinal courtyard and are oriented to the east, while the circulation corridors are oriented to the west. On the upper floor are two other groups of six classrooms, laid out in an L-shape that lies on the upper limits of the lot, and allows the orientation of the classrooms towards the east and south.

一层包含六个小学教室和一些公共用房如图书馆、多功能房、机房和音乐室。教室布置成两个平行区域，组成一个纵向庭院面向东方；流通走廊面向西方。上层是其他两组六个房间，布置成L形，由于上部基地的限制，使其房间朝向东部和南部。

This volumetric configuration is adapted to the slope so that each of the three levels has a level access to the exterior, which facilitates evacuation in case of fire and allows quick access to outdoor recreation areas. Vertical cores are distributed at the center and at the ends of the building to facilitate circulation, fire compliance and accessibility.

此建筑体量结构适应了斜坡，使得三层各层面都有一个出口通向外部，有助于防火疏散，也可以迅速进入户外游乐区。垂直交通设置在建筑中部和端部，可促进空气流通，防火和人流疏散。

After the demolition of the current facility, we completed the playground for kindergarten and the sports track for the Primary School, which are located on a lower level (ground level), whereas the playground for the Primary School is located on an upper level (first floor level).

拆除完现有设施之后，我们完成了幼儿园的活动场地和小学的运动场的建设。幼儿园场地位于较低水平面（地平面），小学场地位于上层（一层平面）。

To bridge these two levels we use a strip consisting of a set of stairs and ramps that are flush with the extension of one of the arms of the kindergarten building. This mechanism allows us to generate the necessary exterior space to locate the three classrooms required as possible expansion.

为了连接两个层面，我们用了一组楼梯和坡道，来延伸幼儿园建筑一个方向的长度，这种形制允许必要的外部空间来容下三个教室并满足其扩张。

At the top of the lot, one of the classroom blocks with north-south orientation is laid out creating a porch that accesses another ramp that ensures accessibility to the gym and makes room for the expansion of the center with six extra primary school units.

在建筑最顶部，南北教室的体块布置中创建了一个门厅，可以通往另一个斜坡去向健身房，同时也可以为教育中心以后的扩张提供更多的空间，增加额外的六个小学教室。

屋顶平面：

二层平面：

一层平面：

底层平面：

部分/海拔:

图解：

原文标题：Beato Jacinto Castañeda Education Center / Fernández Soler Monrabal Arquitectos
原文地址：http://www.archdaily.com/375396/beato-jacinto-castaneda-education-center-fernandez-soler-monrabal-arquitectos/